WHAT IS BIOLOGY?

"Biology" is not one science -- it is dozens of different sciences

Biochemistry: biological molecules and their interactions; metabolism

Microbiology: bacteria, viruses, and other microscopic organisms, and their interactions with other organisms

Botany: plant structure and functions

Cytology: cell structures and their functions

Physiology: functions of tissues, organs and organ systems, such as the muscular system, the nervous system, etc

Genetics: the mechanisms of heredity, including its molecular machinery (DNA) and its observable consequences (e.g., genetic diseases)

Evolution: the mechanisms by which populations change over time

Ecology: the interactions of organisms with each other and their environments

Ducks

Living???

Rocks

Living???

Mermaid

Living???

Define Life??????

1) DNA: Biological organization

atoms---energy

DNA--Deoxyribonucleic acid

instructions for assembling organisms from:

1)Carbon

2)Hydrogen

3)Oxygen

subatomic particles

atom

molecules

cell

tissue

organs

organ systems

organism

population

community

ecosystem

biosphere

2) Metabolism

energy transfers

Light---Photosynthesis---Starch

3) Interdependency among organisms

producers--consumers---decomposers

"webs of organization"

4) Homeostasis

ability to sense environmental changes and make controlled responses to them

5) Reproduction

produce like generations

6) Mutation

change or shift in genetic code (variation)

7) Adaptation

adaptive trait-- characteristic which helps an organism to survive

gives the capacity to evolve

FIVE KINGDOMS

1) Monera

little internal complexity

ex: bacteria

2) Protista

considerable internal complexity

ex: protozoan

3) Fungi

multicellular

ex: mushroom

4) Plant

producers

5) Animal

consumers